Real-time System Monitoring

# Real-time process monitoring
top
htop                    # Enhanced version (install if needed)

# Monitor CPU usage by process
pidstat 1               # Every 1 second

# I/O monitoring
iotop                   # Disk I/O by process
iostat -x 1             # Detailed I/O stats every second

# Memory monitoring
vmstat 1                # Virtual memory stats
free -h -s 2            # Memory usage every 2 seconds

# Network monitoring
iftop                   # Network bandwidth by connection
nethogs                 # Bandwidth by process
iptraf-ng               # Interactive network monitor

# Disk activity
dstat --disk-util       # Disk utilization
iostat -d 1             # Disk I/O every second

# Continuous monitoring with watch
watch -n 1 'df -h'      # Disk space every second
watch -n 2 'free -h'    # Memory every 2 seconds
watch -n 5 'uptime'     # Load average every 5 seconds

# Combined monitoring tools
glances                 # Comprehensive monitoring (install)
nmon                    # Nigel's performance monitor

# Process tree with resource usage
ps aux --sort=-%mem | head -10    # Top memory processes
ps aux --sort=-%cpu | head -10    # Top CPU processes

# Temperature monitoring
sensors                 # Hardware sensors
lm-sensors              # May need installation

# Monitor specific process
watch -n 1 'ps -p PID -o pid,ppid,pcpu,pmem,cmd'

# Log monitoring in real-time
tail -f /var/log/syslog
multitail /var/log/*.log  # Multiple logs simultaneously

# System activity reporter
sar -u 1 3              # CPU usage 3 times at 1s interval
sar -r 1 3              # Memory usage

# Power usage (for laptops)
powertop                # Analyze power consumption